Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Guerrillas in Arkansas Essay Example for Free

Guerrillas in Arkansas Essay During the American Civil War, there were such things called guerrillas. No, I am not talking about the muscular black creatures that hide in the jungle. Though that is exactly how the Confederate independent companies got there name. Where and when did guerrilla warfare begin? Who did it involve? Who were these so called guerrillas and what was there strategy? Did certain Military commanders in Arkansas make an impact on the use of guerrillas? What were the strategies that Federals and Unionists used to stop guerrilla warfare? Daniel Sutherland’s Guerrillas: The Real War In Arkansas explains how partisan fighters helped shape the strategic and tactical patterns of the war. Shows us the reasons men became guerrillas, their roles in the Confederate service, and the guerrilla operations effectiveness. First off, guerrilla warfare began in February 1862 after Federal forces infiltrated as far south as Fayetteville and Batesville. In self-defense, Arkansans became guerrillas and started skirmishes. Guerrillas were formed with men who had been serving outside Arkansas in Confederate units or away from their family and homes. Not to be a traitor or do what they pleased but men often left the paper army to fight near their homes, where it matter most! Federal soldiers easily outnumbered and overpowered local defenses because Confederate government did not commit nearly enough troops to Arkansas. These guerrillas were shadow warriors and ghosts who struck Federal soldiers and Unionist flanks and rears. Guerrilla ambushes and midnight raids in Arkansas was how the Civil War was fought. Not a war within the war, but THE WAR. Secondly, General Earl Van Dorn became the first Confederate commander to endorse the use of Arkansas guerrillas in May 1862. After Van Dorn’s retreat from Pea Ridge, he has little choice for hundreds of men deserted to fight in isolated bands in northwest Arkansas. In June 1862, General Thomas C. Hindman, commander of the Confederacy’s Trans-Mississippi District, gave his final blessing to the formal organization of independent companies or â€Å"guerrillas. In theory, companies were to be governed by the same regulations as other regular troops, and elect their own officers. Arkansas’s terrain of mountains and deep rivers favored guerrilla actions in the north, and swamps in the south. The most costly economic factors and the most annoying of all guerrilla strategies were the suffering of river traffic and confiscation of its cargo. Guerrillas would hold the boats, take the cargo, and serve as commissaries to the interior. Last, what were the Federal soldiers and Unionist going to do to stop guerrilla warfare? Because up until the end of the war the United States government were basically supplying the Confederates and fighting them at the same time. In 1863, the Federals had released their counter-guerrilla campaign. A campaign that would have several regiments of good troops be raised in Arkansas for a short time to put down guerrillas. The counter-guerrilla acts were successful by reducing the power of Confederate guerrillas. An extensive variety of strategies were played by Federal forces to defeat irregulars in Arkansas. Arkansas Unionist forces were used as anti-guerrilla troops. Forces which used gunboats to control the waterways throughout rivers, and the head marshal’s military system that spied on alleged guerrillas and imprison those caught. By reinforcing that system, the Federal army developed an effective force themselves and defended Confederate raiders strategic targets. In conclusion, guerrilla warfare started because the Federal soldiers and Unionist outnumbered the structured Confederate Army. Protecting those they care about by remaining near their homes while settling family feuds. These guerrillas used tactics such as night raids, bushwhacks, and attacking the flanks and rears of Federal soldiers. General Van Horn and General Hindman backed the idea of forming an independent company called guerrillas after the losing both battles at Pea Ridge and Prairie Grove. Both Generals knew that the Arkansas terrain could give the Confederates an advantage to stop forces moving further south. The United States government basically supplied the Confederate as the same time of fighting. After realization, a counter-guerrilla campaign was put into action to stop Confederate raiders.

Monday, January 20, 2020

Macbeth: Predestination or Free Will? Essay -- Literary Analysis

When reading William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, it seems that Macbeth was predestined to do the terrible deeds that he did. However, there is also a valid argument that Macbeth exercised his free will and chose to do those things on his own. This discussion leads into many different topics, but it relates most to spirituality. The concept of free will and how it relates to Macbeth and our present lives yields a relevant and interesting topic for further discussion. The first argument for Macbeth being predestined arises in the first Act when the witches called themselves the â€Å"weird† sisters: â€Å"The weird sisters hand in hand† (I.iii. line 32). At the time of Macbeth’s writing, weird did not mean strange or unusual as it does today. Weird was derived from the Old English word wyrd, meaning fate.1 Essentially, the witches were calling themselves the â€Å"fate† sisters. As defined by Merriam-Webster, fate is â€Å"an inevitable and often adverse outcome, condition, or end.† 2 Based on this definition, the women of fate appear to have either been controlling the way history played out, or they had the ability to see what was going to happen. Either way, Macbeth had no control over his life so he was basically a pawn on a bloody chess board moving about under the control of â€Å"fate.† As Macbeth progressed further into his downfall and more of the witches’ prophecies came true, Macbeth started to believe that their statements could not be false. â€Å"The spirits that know/ All mortal consequences...† (V.iii. lines 4-5). This fact is reiterated when Macbeth drew all of his confidence from those prophecies near the end of the play: â€Å"But swords I smile at, weapons laugh to scorn,/ Brandished by man that’s of a woman born.† (V.vii. lines 12-13). (In ... ...s in the context of Macbeth, but once these beliefs are placed into the realm of the real world, there is a lot more room for argument. Things in real life are less certain and there are many variables that can affect a person’s opinion on this matter. Ultimately, it comes down to a personal decision that everyone exercises their freedom of choice on to establish what they believe. Works Cited 1. Online Etymology Dictionary. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. . 2. "Fate - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary." Merriam-Webster Online. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. . 3. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Elements of Literature [Gr. 12]. Literature of Britain with World Classics. Austin [Tex.: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2000. 301-82. Print.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Professional Development Plan Essay

In order to develop a plan that will address the characteristics of my group and me as a leader; a thorough review of the completed DISC assessments much be completed on an individual basis and an overall plan can be derived thereafter. The individual analyses are as follows: Individual Assessments Jeremy Conner, Jessica Mills, and Brian Tuck are all predominately categorized as cautious in style. Their tendencies include: being tense with themselves and others when under pressure, having a natural curiosity about people, being concerned about what people think, feel, and expect, having strong attachments to their personal interests, underestimating the time required to complete tasks, being intuitive and observant about situations and people, associating their self-worth with their work, and being intrigued by concepts, ideas and processes. They are known as the assessors and tend to have strong opinions about people and groups with whom you do not identify or agree. Robert Mills was predominately categorized as interactive in style. This style’s strengths include: enthusiasm, charm, persuasiveness, and warmth. The cautious style is gifted in people skills and communication skills with individuals as well as groups. They are great influencer’s. They are idea-people and dreamers who excel at getting others excited about their vision. They are optimist with an abundance of charisma. All of these qualities help them influence people and build alliances to accomplish their goals. I was predominately categorized as a dominance style. My primary motivation is accomplishing bigger and better goals according to an internal timetable. I prefer to be involved in my chosen activities from start to finish, and I  resist people who are obstacles to my achievements. My tendencies include: disliking being told what to do, or when and how to do something, being reluctant to change what I think or how I feel, delegating tasks only if absolutely necessary, acting competitively, especially when pushing myself to new levels or in new directions, making sure that production is completed on schedule, depending on plans for action and follow-up routines, and becoming tenacious and focused when under pressure. Team Development Plan Based on the analysis of the DISC assessments, I would put myself in a leadership role on the team with Robert as my supervisor, and Jeremy, Jessica, and Brian as subordinates. My style is more fit to a leadership role due to my desire to accomplish bigger and better goals. This desire allows me to look bigger picture which must be done from an upper management perspective in order to keep the company ahead of the curve in all aspects of business to avoid pitfalls. Robert’s natural charisma and persuasiveness would make him great at motivating the rest of the team. This does not mean that Jeremy, Jessica, and Bryan aren’t just as important to the team success. All workers from top to bottom are needed for a business to be successful. I strongly believe in the phrase â€Å"you are only as good as your weakest member†. For this reason, I would make sure that they were given a chance to air their grievances and make suggestions on changes that should be made. I must make sure to allow every team member to have a say in the business processes because this is a weak point of my particular style. Flexibility on my part must be a focal point to ensure that all team members feel heard and feel like they hold value in the company. Conclusion All of the information in the above plan will be closely monitored and periodic meetings will take place to allow time for all employees to voice their grievances or concerns to ensure that full compliance is being achieved. It is very important that regular monitoring is performed to ensure that the company stays on track and will help ensure the long-term success of the company. Realizing each individual’s style as well as their strengths and weaknesses will allow a more personal and individualized  approach to be taken in regards to team dynamics and goal attainment. References University of Phoenix. (2014). DISC Assessments [Multimedia]. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, LDR531 website. DISC Test and DISC Assessment: Explained. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.discinsights.com/whatisdisc#.VBMXGGOEzSg

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Greek-Physician Scientists - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1192 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Biology Essay Level High school Topics: Animal Testing Essay Did you like this example? Summary Since early Greek-physician scientists lived in 322 BC up until 2018, researchers have been testing our products on animals. It is easy as the consumer to volunteer animals as the testing subjects, very rarely do humans want to be the guinea pig. But as science progresses, and more animals are being tested on against their will, an important question must be observed: Do animals have rights similar to those of humans? It seems this question would have a simple answer, that testing on lab rats, or monkeys is clearly unethical considering that some animals die in the process. However, there are still people who argue that experimenting on animals is extremely beneficial. When these animals are placed in the lab for experimentation, they are in captivity where they can get sick, separated from their family, be tortured, and sometimes even face death. With these negative responses happening in the lab, it should be clear that the cons far outweigh the pros. Some of the products tested are never used for anything useful and most importantly, animals and humans are never exactly the same, so the test results can be unreliable. And still, supporters argue animal research is a necessary process that should continue. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Greek-Physician Scientists" essay for you Create order It is estimated that more than 100 million animals worldwide are used in experiments each year and by ignoring the consequences of animal experimentation, we are allowing abuse and trauma to these animals. There can be no changes made to help testing on animals be considered more humane or less tortuous; their involuntary participation should be enough to stop future testing. Regardless of claimed scientific breakthroughs, it it morally unethical for animals to be used as tools in laboratories in the name of medical advancements. Animal experimentation along with the money that goes towards the research funnels money away from human-based research (computer modelling, tissue cultures, etc.) that could actually be helping people. (Toronto Star, 2018, p. A12). An example that Toronto Star uses, is headlines saying humans have found the cure to cancer in animals, only to find out that when the studies are applied to humans, the results are not the same. According to Toronto Star (2018), animals are not, nor ever will be, appropriate models for humans. (p. A12). Animal experimentation is proving itself to be unhelpful to humans not only due to genetic differences, but by thousands of dollars going to waste every test. Humans continue to conduct research on innocent animals, even after researchers admit that these test subjects do in fact feel pain. Today, researchers almost universally agree that animals feel pain. (Global Issues in Context, 2018). This pain can also lead to stress in most animals which needs to be treated. Euthanasia (ending a life painlessly) is considered to researchers an ethical way of dealing with these animals in pain. If an animal test subject seems to suffer severe stress, they are put down. As humans we selfishly take these animals out of their own habitats, test on them while expecting these animals to not deal with stress and proceed to kill them when things go wrong in the lab. Scientist everywhere are claiming that the potential benefits to human health justify the harm caused to animals, (Goodman, J. R.,Casey A.Borch, Cherry, E., 2012), but there is nothing ethical about this testing process. Scientists should not be causing enough pain on mice or any other test subjects, that we have to kill these animals to put them out of their misery. Products that are tested on animals can include drugs and cosmetics, while some animals are exposed to pollution and radiation to observe effects. Pharmaceutical and other industrial laboratories routinely use animals for tests before selling their products for human use. A common animal researchers like to test on is monkeys, pictured below is a pig-tailed macaque in a test capsule. A pig-tailed macaque in a test capsule reaches for a lever that triggers a food dispenser in an experiment. For decades macaques have been widely used for biomedical research. (Credit: NASA). (Animal rights, 2011). Researchers take animals right from their homes in the wild and bring them to the lab to experiment on. Although scientists argue that monkeys are similar to humans because of their structure and behavior, animal studies are not always applicable to humans because animals and humans react to their environments in different ways. (Animal rights, 2011). Not to mention that the condition of the laboratories can influence test results when analyzing animals. Using animals to test on is not just something scientists do, you can even see the effects in our classrooms. Some schools require students to dissect frogs, cats, etc. but with technology taking over, there is no need to use real animals when we have excellent computer programs that provide simulations for classroom use. The alternative of using computer models can often be argued not sufficient enough because we cannot produce a specific piece of information without using live animals. However, Wiebers (2006), highlights that we need to be open to the possibility that that piece of information may not be needed to solve the clinical problem we are addressing. The use of innocent animals shouldnt be needed when most of the time we are focusing on the end result as opposed to specific types of information. Overall, around the world animal rights are being violated everyday. Though animals cannot communicate with us they still have basic rights and practices such as raising and killing animals simply for their fur, keeping animals in cruel living conditions on factory farms, or using animals for painful scientific research are clear violations of those rights. (Issues Controversies, 2012). Differences between animals and humans should not stop us from realizing that animals suffer just like we do, as humans we are taking advantage of our power over innocent creatures instead of having empathy. As stated in the Issues Controversies article, just as it would be morally inconceivable to argue that infants or people with developmental disabilities do not deserve basic rights, it is illogical, supporters maintain, to deny animals those same rights. (2012). Cosmetics, medications, chemicals and many other products continue to be tested on innocent animals before reaching our stores for consumers. Scientists everyday are volunteering lab rats, monkeys and other animals as test subjects for human products which violates basic animal rights because these creatures face stress, illnesses and even death. Although experimentation on these creatures can be interesting, they prove to be useless to humans because of our genetic differences as well as increasing use of computer simulations. To truly test the safety of products for humans, it is best to experiment on a human ourselves to get the most accurate results in the future. This will help decrease animal deaths, euthanasia in labs as well as increase leaving animals in their natural habitats without disrupting our ecosystems. Humans for years have destroyed environments where delatice species thrive, which has proven to have negative effects on the earth. Scientist and researchers now need to realize how unethical animal experimentation is, the destruction it causes and prepare to find new and improved ways to test products in the lab without taking innocent lives.